L'ipotesi di Calamandrei

Thu, 23/10/2008 - 13:12 — admin

Mi arriva in lista questo discorso di Calamandrei, fatto nel 1950... dire che è attuale è forse riduttivo, forse una lucida previsione di una tendenza che già si delineava poco dopo la guerra? In ogni caso fa riflettere...
Pietro Calamandrei fu professore durante il fascismo, uno dei pochi a non avere nè chiedere mai la tessera del partito. Fondò il Partito d'Azione e fumembro della Consulta Nazionale. La stessa che oggi è merce di scambio.

L'ipotesi di Calamandrei

"Facciamo l’ipotesi, così astrattamente, che ci sia un partito al potere, un partito dominante, il quale però formalmente vuole rispettare la Costituzione, non la vuole violare in sostanza. Non vuole fare la marcia su Roma e trasformare l’aula in alloggiamento per i manipoli; ma vuol istituire, senza parere, una larvata dittatura.
Allora, che cosa fare per impadronirsi delle scuole e per trasformare le scuole di Stato in scuole di partito? Si accorge che le scuole di Stato hanno difetto di essere imparziali. C’è una certa resistenza; in quelle scuole c’è sempre, perfino sotto il fascismo c’è stata. Allora il partito dominante segue un’altra strada (è tutta un’ipotesi teorica,intendiamoci). Comincia a trascurare le scuole pubbliche, a screditarle, ad impoverirle. Lascia che si anemizzino e comincia a favorire le scuole private. Non tutte le scuole private. Le scuole del suo partito, di quel partito. Ed allora tutte le cure cominciano ad andare a queste scuole private. Cure di denaro e di previlegi. Si comincia persino a consigliare i ragazzi ad andare a queste scuole , perché in fondo sono migliori si dice di quelle di Stato. E magari si danno dei premi,come ora vi dirò, o si propone di dare dei premi a quei cittadini che saranno disposti a mandare i loro figlioli invece che alle scuole pubbliche alle scuole private. A “quelle” scuole private. Gli esami sono più facili,si studia meno e si riesce meglio. Così la scuola privata diventa una scuola previlegiata.
Il partito dominante, non potendo trasformare apertamente le scuole di Stato in scuole di partito, manda in malora le scuole di Stato per dare prevalenza alle scuole private. Attenzione, amici, in questo convegno questo è il punto che bisogna discutere. Attenzione, questa è la ricetta. Bisogna tener d’occhio i cuochi di questa bassa cucina. L’operazione si fa in tre modi: ve l’ho già detto: rovinare le scuole di Stato. Lasciare che vadano in malora. Impoverire i loro bilanci. Ignorare i loro bisogni. Attenuare la sorveglianza e il controllo sulle scuole private. Non controllarne la serietà. Lasciare che vi insegnino insegnanti che non hanno i titoli minimi per insegnare. Lasciare che gli esami siano burlette. Dare alle scuole private denaro pubblico. Questo è il punto. Dare alle scuole private denaro pubblico."

Piero Calamandrei
_{Discorso pronunciato da Piero Calamandrei al III congresso dell’Associazione a Difesa della Scuola Nazionale, a Roma l’11 febbraio 1950}

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